Particle velocity

Particle velocity calculations are becoming more and more relevant in different applications of underwater acoustics, in part due to the recent development of vector sensor arrays[6]. Particle velocity can be calculated from acoustic pressure using the relationship[7]

$${\mbox{$\mathbf{v}$}} = -\frac{i}{\omega \rho}{\mbox{\boldmath$\nabla$}} P ,$$ (2.31)

where $\rho$ represents the watercolumn density, and $\omega$ stands for the frequency of the propagating wave.